Embryo genetic testing, also known as preimplantation genetic testing (PGT), is often used in-vitro fertilization (IVF) and surrogacy to screen embryos for genetic abnormalities before the embryo transfer.
This process aims to increase the chances of a successful pregnancy and reduce the risk of miscarriages and passing on hereditary genetic conditions.
While there are many benefits of PGT, there are also potential risks to consider. We’re here to break down the embryo genetic testing risks and benefits, helping you make the best decision for your unique situation.
If you need help connecting with an embryo genetic testing clinic or to explore surrogacy as a path to parenthood, contact us online now or call us at 1-800-875-2229.
Different Types of Genetic Testing
Genetic testing of embryos is done at the early stage of development when the embryos are blastocysts, rapidly dividing cells that form around five to six days after a fertilized egg is created. At this stage, there are two distinct cell populations, the trophectoderm that forms the placenta and the inner cell mass that forms the baby.
About 5-8 cells are removed out of the trophectoderm, which will eventually form the placenta without harming an embryos ability to create a child. These cells are then utilized for PGT which can be broken down into three categories:
Used to test whether an embryo has the right number of chromosomes. A special type of genetic testing that includes PGT-A but also looks for specific genetic abnormalities, like cystic fibrosis. This test ensures that an embryo has the right amount of DNA so that when it’s transferred, it can be either a genetically normal embryo or a genetically balanced embryo.
Genetic Screening of Embryos Pros and Cons
There are a lot of misconceptions surrounding PGT and the ethics involved in the process. Before making a decision, it’s always best to talk with your fertility specialist to learn if PGT is right for you.
Although this shouldn’t be taken as medical advice, below are some genetic testing on embryos pros and cons:
One of the primary benefits of PGT is the reduction in miscarriage rates. By identifying and selecting embryos free of genetic abnormalities, the likelihood of a miscarriage is significantly decreased, leading to more successful pregnancies. PGT can expedite the process of becoming parents. By selecting the healthiest embryos for transfer, you have a higher chance of achieving a successful pregnancy on the first attempt, reducing the emotional and physical toll of multiple IVF cycles. PGT enhances the chances of a healthier pregnancy by selecting embryos that are free from genetic abnormalities. This reduces the risk of complications during pregnancy and increases the likelihood of delivering a healthy baby. PGT allows couples to screen for specific genetic disorders, ensuring that their child does not inherit hereditary conditions. This is particularly beneficial for couples with a known history of genetic diseases, providing peace of mind and a healthier future for their children.Benefits of PGT
Although rare, there is a slight risk that the embryo could be damaged during the biopsy procedure. This can affect the viability of the embryo and reduce the chances of a successful pregnancy. There is a possibility of false positives or false negatives in the genetic screening process. Inaccurate test findings can lead to the discarding of healthy embryos or the transfer of embryos with undetected genetic abnormalities. PGT involves additional costs on top of the standard IVF procedure. These costs can be a financial burden for some couples, making it less accessible to those with limited financial resources.Embryo Genetic Testing Risks
Is Embryo Genetic Testing Worth It?
Pre-implantation genetic testing (PGT) is a test that can be done using embryos created through in-vitro fertilization. This embryo genetic testing often ensures that embryos selected for transfer have a healthy number of chromosomes to prevent abnormalities that can impact pregnancy. Candidates for Genetic Testing on Frozen Embryos
Women over the age of 35 Those who want to selectively implant a single embryo to avoid the risk of a multiples pregnancy Those who have failed previous IVF cycles Those with a history of unexplained miscarriages Those with previous chromosomal abnormal pregnancies Couples with a single-gene disorder or sex-linked genetic disorder Couples who want to select the gender of their childCandidates for Genetic Testing on Frozen Embryos
When an embryo has an abnormal number of chromosomes, it can often prevent implantation, resulting in a failed transfer, pregnancy loss or significant health problems for your baby.
To get a better idea of how PGT can influence your IVF outcomes, read more about PGT and embryo transfer success rates.
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There are many benefits of PGT, including lower miscarriage rates, faster paths to parenthood, cost-effectiveness, healthier pregnancies and the prevention of hereditary genetic conditions. However, it also comes with potential risks that you should be aware of before testing your embryos.
Understanding these pros and cons can help you make a decision about whether PGT is the right choice for their family-building journey.
If you need help connecting with an embryo testing clinic or if you want to get a head start on the surrogacy process, contact us online now. We can walk you through our surrogacy planning questionnaire so that you can get a head start on your journey while your embryos are being created or tested.